European Goldfinch - Carduelis Carduelis: Facts and Information

Carduelis carduelis is a bird species that has a wide geographical distribution and belongs to the Fringillidae family. This species is widely found in Europe, Asia and North Africa. The distinctive features of the European goldfinch include its colorful plumage; The head, throat and chest have a bright red color. The upper parts are brownish and black. The chicks of this bird, unlike adults, are paler in color and their reddish color is less prominent.

They usually live in various open lands and forest edges. They are also frequently observed in parks, gardens and agricultural areas. The feeding habits of the European goldfinch include fruits, especially sunflowers and various seeds. They also feed on insects and therefore meet their protein needs.

During the breeding period, male European goldfinches try to attract females with their songs and colorful plumage. Female European goldfinches build their nests in trees or bushes and usually lay 3 to 7 eggs. After the nesting and incubation process, the young ones are fed and grow and become ready to fly. European goldfinches are a species of great interest to nature lovers and bird watchers and are often one of the main targets of birding trips.

The European goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis) has several recognized subspecies, each with slight variations in plumage and distribution.

1. Carduelis carduelis carduelis:

This is the nominate subspecies and is found in Western and Central Europe.

2. Carduelis carduelis balcanica:

Found in the Balkan Peninsula, this subspecies exhibits slight variations in plumage compared to the nominate.

3. Carduelis carduelis caniceps:

This subspecies is found in Central Asia, India, and parts of China.

4. Carduelis carduelis parva:

Located mainly in the Iberian Peninsula and Northwest Africa, this subspecies also displays distinctive plumage features.

5. Carduelis carduelis britannica:

Endemic to the British Isles, this subspecies is recognized for its unique characteristics.

6. Carduelis carduelis paropanisi:

The Carduelis carduelis paropanisi, commonly known as the "Paropamisus European goldfinch," primarily inhabits areas around the Paropamisus mountain range.

Each subspecies has adapted to its specific geographical location, resulting in variations in coloration and markings. Studying these subspecies helps ornithologists and researchers understand the evolutionary and ecological aspects of this beautiful bird species.